Social Sciences in China (Chinese Edition)

No.2, 2019

 

The Realist Tradition of 19th Century Realism and its Contemporary Value

(Abstract)

 

Jiang Chengyong

 

The “realist” spirit of the literary movement of 19th century Western realism linked up with traditional theories of art as “imitation” and art as “representation” to develop into a conjoint relationship. The movement spun off a variety of new genres, becoming a plural concept. As such, it possessed constant innovation, ample room for expansion and inexhaustible vitality. The “realist” spirit and “authenticity” of 19th century Western realism accord with the practical concerns of Marx and Engel; they are closely related to the theories of historical materialism and are the central focus of Marxist literary thought. Not only do they constitute an important expression of the modernity and openness of realism, they are also the fundamental reason why Marxist philosophical thought could effectively direct the practice of literary criticism. In the new era, China needs a literature full of realist spirit and authenticity; thus 19th century realism remains a wellspring of art and an important reference for new genres of literary creation. Realist literature can resist anti-essentialist and nihilist tendencies and help literature influence cultural construction, spiritual guidance and assumption of values, thus acquiring lasting value and significance.