China Social Science Review

No.4, 2023

Theory of Xieju: A Sociological Reflection on Confucianism

(Abstract)

Wang Jianmin

Comparing the contexualism and exchange theory in Western sociology with the theory of xieju (application of rules and norms) featuring local Chinese culture can reveal subtle differences in various interpretations of the same phenomenon. The basic argument of the theory of xieju is that the key for an actor to understand and respond to another actor is as follow: what he thinks is more important than what he does; he should reflect upon himself rather than blame others; his heart overweights the surroundings; Despite the influence of external forces to be reckoned with, one would only by feeling and moving heart can it be easier to put himself in other’s position, increase empathy, and encourage subsequent actions. Based on the Confucian concept of benevolence and righteousness, the theory of xieju can be used to explain the emotional motivations and logical reasoning behind social actions. The revisit of the comparative perspective of Chinese and Western cultures in sociology can help to better understand Chinese society and grasp the behavioral ethics of Chinese people.